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AP African American Studies Practice Quiz: Slavery and American Law: Slave Codes and Landmark Cases

Written by AP Content Team, Verified for 2026 AP Exams, Last updated: May 2026

Test your understanding with short quizzes. This quiz has 16 questions to check your progress.

Question 1 of 16

Which statement accurately describes the treatment of slavery in the original text of the U.S. Constitution, specifically in Articles I and IV?

All Questions (16)

Which statement accurately describes the treatment of slavery in the original text of the U.S. Constitution, specifically in Articles I and IV?

A) It explicitly protected the institution of slavery by name.

B) It referred to slavery using euphemisms but avoided the actual terms.

C) It set a future date for the mandatory abolition of slavery.

D) It was completely silent on the issue of enslaved persons.

Correct Answer: B

The provided content states, 'Article I and Article IV of the United States Constitution refer to slavery but avoid using the terms “slave” or “slavery.”' This indicates that the issue was addressed indirectly.

According to the provided text, how did slave codes legally define chattel slavery?

A) A temporary condition based on debt or criminal conviction.

B) A system of labor exclusive to adult males.

C) A race-based, inheritable, and lifelong condition.

D) A contractual agreement with a path to freedom.

Correct Answer: C

The text explicitly states, 'Slave codes defined chattel slavery as a race-based, inheritable, lifelong condition...'

The South Carolina slave code of 1740, which introduced harsher restrictions, was a direct legislative response to which of the following events?

A) The Dred Scott Supreme Court decision.

B) The ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment.

C) The Stono Rebellion of 1739.

D) The enactment of voting restrictions in New York.

Correct Answer: C

The content specifies the cause-and-effect relationship: 'South Carolina’s 1740 slave code was updated in response to enslaved people’s resistance during the Stono Rebellion in 1739.'

Which of the following was a legal restriction placed upon free African Americans in some non-slaveholding ('free') states?

A) A requirement to serve in the state militia.

B) A prohibition on testifying against white people in court.

C) A mandate to own property in order to reside in the state.

D) An obligation to teach literacy to enslaved people.

Correct Answer: B

The text provides examples of restrictions in free states, noting that Ohio enacted laws 'to keep free Black men from... testifying against white people in court.'

What was the central ruling of the Supreme Court in the Dred Scott case of 1857?

A) Enslaved people who entered free territories were automatically granted freedom.

B) African Americans, whether enslaved or free, could not be U.S. citizens.

C) The international slave trade was declared unconstitutional.

D) States could not pass laws restricting the movement of free Black people.

Correct Answer: B

The text summarizes the decision: 'Dred Scott’s freedom suit (1857) resulted in the Supreme Court’s decision that African Americans, enslaved and free, were not and could never become citizens of the United States.'

South Carolina's 1740 slave code included a prohibition against enslaved people engaging in which activity?

A) Practicing any form of religion.

B) Learning to read.

C) Marrying.

D) Owning livestock.

Correct Answer: B

The text lists several prohibitions from the 1740 code, including one against enslaved people 'learning to read.'

How did slave codes and other related laws contribute to 'hardening the color line' in American society?

A) By creating separate but equal facilities for different races.

B) By encouraging immigration from European countries only.

C) By reserving opportunities for upward mobility for white people while denying them to Black people.

D) By establishing a formal caste system based on skin tone gradations.

Correct Answer: C

The text states that these laws 'hardened the color line... by reserving opportunities for upward mobility and protection from enslavement for white people... and by denying opportunities to Black people on the same premise.'

The race-based regulations found in American slave codes were similar to legal systems in other parts of the Americas, such as the

A) English common law and the Magna Carta.

B) Napoleonic Code and the Declaration of the Rights of Man.

C) German Civil Code and the Laws of the Indies.

D) Code Noir and the Código Negro.

Correct Answer: D

The text provides an international context, mentioning that 'These regulations manifested in enslaving societies throughout the Americas, including the Code Noir and Código Negro in French and Spanish colonies, respectively.'

The terms 'slave' and 'slavery' first appeared explicitly in which foundational U.S. legal document?

A) The Declaration of Independence.

B) Article I of the Constitution.

C) The Bill of Rights.

D) The Thirteenth Amendment.

Correct Answer: D

The text clearly states, 'These terms appear for the first time in the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which abolished slavery.'

According to the text, which states had granted Black men the right to vote before the ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment in 1870?

A) New York and Ohio.

B) South Carolina and Virginia.

C) Wisconsin and Iowa.

D) Massachusetts and Pennsylvania.

Correct Answer: C

The text makes a specific point about suffrage rights: 'Before the ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment in 1870, only Wisconsin and Iowa had given Black men the right to vote.'

How did South Carolina's 1740 slave code legally classify all Black people within its jurisdiction?

A) As foreign nationals without legal standing.

B) As indentured servants with limited-term contracts.

C) As nonsubjects who were presumed to be enslaved.

D) As protected wards of the colonial government.

Correct Answer: C

The text explains, 'The 1740 code classified all Black people... as nonsubjects and presumed enslaved people.' This created a legal presumption of enslavement based on race.

The development of increasingly restrictive slave codes was primarily a reaction to which of the following?

A) Economic downturns in the plantation economy.

B) The influence of abolitionist movements in the North.

C) African Americans’ resistance to the conditions of slavery.

D) The westward expansion of the United States.

Correct Answer: C

The text directly links the development of slave codes to resistance, stating that one of the learning objectives is to 'Explain how slave codes developed in response to African Americans’ resistance to slavery.' The Stono Rebellion is used as a prime example of this.

A particularly harsh provision of South Carolina's 1740 slave code stipulated that an enslaved person could be condemned to death for

A) refusing a work order from an overseer.

B) attempting to purchase their own freedom.

C) trying to defend themselves from an attack by a white person.

D) possessing currency without permission.

Correct Answer: C

The text highlights the brutality of the code, stating it 'condemned to death any enslaved persons who tried to defend themselves from attack by a white person.'

The Supreme Court's decision in Dred Scott v. Sandford had a profound impact on the legal status of which group?

A) Only enslaved people living in Southern states.

B) Only free African Americans living in Northern states.

C) Both enslaved and free African Americans throughout the United States.

D) Only African Americans who had attempted to sue for their freedom.

Correct Answer: C

The text explicitly states the decision applied to 'African Americans, enslaved and free,' denying that either group could ever become citizens, making its scope national and affecting all people of African descent.

The combination of slave codes and landmark court cases like Dred Scott primarily served to

A) regulate interstate commerce related to slavery.

B) provide a legal framework for gradual emancipation.

C) define African Americans' status by denying them citizenship rights and protections.

D) settle disputes between slave states and free states over territorial expansion.

Correct Answer: C

This question synthesizes the main idea of the text. The content states, 'Legal codes and landmark cases intertwined to define the status of African Americans by denying them citizenship rights and protections.'

The enactment of laws in free states that barred entry or restricted voting for free African Americans demonstrates that

A) free states were preparing for a civil war over the issue of slavery.

B) the denial of opportunities for Black people was not confined to the slaveholding South.

C) free African Americans posed a significant economic threat to white workers.

D) the federal government mandated such restrictions in all states.

Correct Answer: B

The text shows that 'Free states enacted laws to deny free African Americans opportunities for advancement,' which supports the conclusion that systemic racism and the denial of rights were national, not just regional, issues.