AP Art History UNIT 3: Early Europe and Colonial Americas, 200–1750 CE Practice Exam

1. The object shown, the Merovingian looped fibula, is best characterized as a status symbol associated with which of the following artistic traditions?

2. The architectural plan of the Church of Sainte-Foy in Conques, France, demonstrates specific modifications to the basilica form intended to accommodate which of the following?

3. In the context of Gothic architecture, the extensive use of stained glass, as seen in Chartres Cathedral, was primarily intended to fulfill which theological function?

4. The woodcut 'Allegory of Law and Grace' by Lucas Cranach the Elder illustrates the divergence of Northern European art during the Reformation by focusing on which of the following?

5. The interior decoration of Il Gesù, particularly the ceiling fresco 'Triumph of the Name of Jesus', reflects the goals of the Catholic Counter-Reformation by employing which of the following artistic strategies?

6. The painting 'Angel with Arquebus, Asiel Timor Dei' from the Viceroyalty of Peru demonstrates the cultural context of Spanish Colonial America through which of the following?

7. The design of the 'Cross-carpet page' from the Lindisfarne Gospels demonstrates a synthesis of artistic traditions by combining Christian imagery with

8. The format and technique of the 'Screen with the Siege of Belgrade and Hunting Scene' (Biombo) primarily reflect the influence of which global trade network on colonial Mexico?

9. In the 'Frontispiece of the Codex Mendoza', the combination of Aztec glyphs denoting years and locations with Spanish textual glosses indicates that the work was intended to

10. The 'Angel with Arquebus, Asiel Timor Dei' demonstrates the cultural hybridization of the School of Cusco by depicting a Christian celestial being dressed in

11. The Great Mosque of Córdoba exhibits architectural continuity with the earlier culture of the region through its use of

12. Cabrera's 'Portrait of Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz' parallels European artistic traditions by modeling its composition and symbolism directly after

13. The work shown, Raphael's 'School of Athens', utilizes which of the following mathematical systems to arrange the figures and architecture, thereby creating a rational and ordered illusion of three-dimensional space?

14. In 'The Arnolfini Portrait', Jan van Eyck achieves a high degree of luminosity and surface realism, particularly in the rendering of fabrics and the chandelier, primarily through the use of:

15. The dramatic lighting effect seen in Caravaggio's 'Calling of Saint Matthew', where figures emerge from deep shadow into a focused, directional light, is known as:

16. In Pieter Bruegel the Elder's 'Hunters in the Snow', the artist creates a sense of vast distance and deep recession into the landscape primarily by:

17. Albrecht Dürer's engraving 'Adam and Eve' demonstrates a Northern European approach to naturalism through its emphasis on:

18. Diego Velázquez's 'Las Meninas' challenges the traditional boundaries of pictorial space and enhances the illusion of reality by:

19. [Skill: 3.A | Topic: 3.2] The image shows the interior of the Arena (Scrovegni) Chapel. The patron, Enrico Scrovegni, commissioned this work primarily to:

20. [Skill: 1.C | Topic: 3.5] The painting *Henri IV Receives the Portrait of Marie de' Medici* by Peter Paul Rubens utilizes mythological figures such as Jupiter and Juno to:

21. [Skill: 2.B | Topic: 3.1] In the encaustic icon *Virgin (Theotokos) and Child between Saints Theodore and George*, the stiff, frontal poses of the two saints and their direct outward gaze are intended to:

22. [Skill: 3.B | Topic: 3.4] Lucas Cranach the Elder's *Allegory of Law and Grace* contrasts two scenes separated by a tree to visually communicate:

23. [Skill: 2.D | Topic: 3.5] In *Las Meninas*, Diego Velázquez depicts himself painting in the presence of the royal family and wearing the cross of the Order of Santiago. This inclusion primarily serves to:

24. [Skill: 5.B | Topic: 3.5] The painting *Angel with Arquebus, Asiel Timor Dei* reflects the cultural context of the Viceroyalty of Peru by:

25. [Skill: 7.A | Topic: 3.5] Scholars analyzing the *Screen with the Siege of Belgrade and Hunting Scene* (c. 1697–1701 CE) have traditionally classified it as a Mexican colonial object. However, recent art historical approaches that emphasize the interconnectedness of the early modern Atlantic world would most likely interpret this work as evidence of which of the following?

26. [Skill: 7.B | Topic: 3.5] **Stimulus:** An excerpt from a 19th-century art history survey text states: "The torch of civilization was passed from the perfection of Athens to the grandeur of Rome, and finally ignited the genius of the Italian Renaissance, leaving the rest of the world in shadow." Based on the essential knowledge regarding theories and interpretations, which of the following best explains a limitation of the historical narrative presented in the excerpt?

27. [Skill: 7.A | Topic: 3.5] The study of early medieval art, such as the *Merovingian looped fibulae*, has historically been complicated by which of the following factors mentioned in current art historical theory?

28. [Skill: 7.B | Topic: 3.5] When analyzing the *Virgin of Guadalupe (Virgen de Guadalupe)* by Miguel González (c. 1698 CE), a traditional stylistic approach might focus primarily on the use of enconchado (shell inlay). However, an approach focused on **cultural appropriation and exchange** would most likely emphasize which aspect of the work?

29. [Skill: 7.A | Topic: 3.5] How has the availability of technical evidence, such as dendrochronology (tree-ring dating) or infrared reflectography, most significantly impacted the interpretation of Early Northern Renaissance paintings like the *Arnolfini Portrait*?

30. [Skill: 7.B | Topic: 3.5] **Stimulus:** The *Frontispiece of the Codex Mendoza* depicts the founding of Tenochtitlan with Aztec glyphs alongside Spanish glosses (text annotations). Which of the following best describes how a modern art historical approach differs from a traditional survey approach in interpreting this document?