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AP Calculus BC Practice Quiz: Verifying Solutions for Differential Equations

Written by AP Content Team, Verified for 2026 AP Exams, Last updated: May 2026

Test your understanding with short quizzes. This quiz has 9 questions to check your progress.

Question 1 of 9

Which of the following functions is a solution to the differential equation y' = 5y?

All Questions (9)

Which of the following functions is a solution to the differential equation y' = 5y?

A) y = e^(5x)

B) y = 5e^x

C) y = x^5

D) y = 5x

Correct Answer: A

To verify if a function is a solution, we use its derivative. Let y = e^(5x). The derivative is y' = 5e^(5x). Substituting y and y' into the differential equation gives 5e^(5x) = 5(e^(5x)), which is a true statement. Therefore, y = e^(5x) is a solution.

What is the primary mathematical operation used to verify that a function y = f(x) is a solution to a given differential equation?

A) Integration

B) Finding a limit

C) Differentiation

D) Factoring

Correct Answer: C

According to the provided content, derivatives are used to verify that a function is a solution to a given differential equation. This process involves taking the derivative(s) of the proposed function and substituting them into the equation.

The function y = Ce^(kx), where C is an arbitrary constant, is a general solution to the differential equation y' = ky. How is this verification shown?

A) By showing that the derivative of Ce^(kx) is k(Ce^(kx)).

B) By setting C=1 and k=1 and showing it works for a specific case.

C) By integrating the differential equation.

D) By showing that the solution is true only for C=0.

Correct Answer: A

To verify the general solution, we find its derivative. The derivative of y = Ce^(kx) with respect to x is y' = C * k * e^(kx), or y' = k(Ce^(kx)). Since y = Ce^(kx), we can substitute y back into the derivative equation to get y' = ky. This confirms the function is a solution for any constant C.

Which statement best explains why a differential equation can have infinitely many general solutions?

A) The verification process is flawed and allows for multiple answers.

B) The solutions often include an arbitrary constant, C, where each value of C creates a different valid solution.

C) All differential equations are linear.

D) Derivatives can be calculated in infinitely many ways.

Correct Answer: B

A differential equation often has a general solution that contains an arbitrary constant (often denoted by C). Because C can be any real number, there is an infinite family of functions that satisfy the equation, leading to infinitely many solutions.

The function y = 4cos(x) is a solution to which of the following differential equations?

A) y' + y = 0

B) y'' - y = 0

C) y'' + y = 0

D) y' - 4sin(x) = 0

Correct Answer: C

To find the correct differential equation, we must find the derivatives of the given function, y = 4cos(x). The first derivative is y' = -4sin(x). The second derivative is y'' = -4cos(x). Now we test the options. For option C: y'' + y = (-4cos(x)) + (4cos(x)) = 0. This is a true statement, so y = 4cos(x) is a solution to y'' + y = 0.

Is the function y = 2x^3 a solution to the differential equation xy' - 3y = 0?

A) Yes, because x(6x^2) - 3(2x^3) = 0.

B) No, because x(2x^3) - 3(6x^2) ≠ 0.

C) Yes, because the equation holds true for x=0.

D) No, because a solution must contain an arbitrary constant C.

Correct Answer: A

First, find the derivative of the proposed solution y = 2x^3. The derivative is y' = 6x^2. Next, substitute y and y' into the differential equation: x(y') - 3(y) becomes x(6x^2) - 3(2x^3). Simplifying this expression gives 6x^3 - 6x^3 = 0. Since 0 = 0 is true, the function is a solution.

Which of the following functions is NOT a solution to the differential equation y'' - 9y = 0?

A) y = e^(3x)

B) y = e^(-3x)

C) y = 2e^(3x) + 4e^(-3x)

D) y = e^(9x)

Correct Answer: D

We verify each option by finding the second derivative. For D, if y = e^(9x), then y' = 9e^(9x) and y'' = 81e^(9x). Substituting into the equation gives y'' - 9y = 81e^(9x) - 9(e^(9x)) = 72e^(9x). Since 72e^(9x) ≠ 0, this function is not a solution. The other options are solutions.

To verify that y = C/x is a general solution to the differential equation xy' + y = 0, what is the first step?

A) Integrate y = C/x.

B) Solve for the constant C.

C) Find the derivative of y = C/x.

D) Substitute x=0 into the equation.

Correct Answer: C

The process of verifying a solution to a differential equation begins by finding the necessary derivatives of the proposed solution. For y = C/x = Cx^(-1), the first derivative is y' = -Cx^(-2) = -C/x^2. This derivative can then be substituted into the differential equation to check for equality.

Verify if y = x^2 + C is a solution to the differential equation y' = 2x.

A) No, because the derivative of C is not zero.

B) Yes, because the derivative of y = x^2 + C is y' = 2x, and substituting this into the equation gives 2x = 2x.

C) No, because the constant C makes the solution invalid.

D) Yes, but only if C = 0.

Correct Answer: B

The function y = x^2 + C represents a family of infinitely many solutions. To verify, we find the derivative: y' = d/dx(x^2 + C) = 2x + 0 = 2x. We then substitute this result into the differential equation y' = 2x, which gives 2x = 2x. This is a true statement for any value of the constant C, confirming it is a general solution.