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AP Chemistry Practice Quiz: Reaction Mechanism and Rate Law

Written by AP Content Team, Verified for 2026 AP Exams, Last updated: May 2026

Test your understanding with short quizzes. This quiz has 7 questions to check your progress.

Question 1 of 7

Consider the following two-step reaction mechanism: Step 1: A + B → C (slow) Step 2: C + D → E (fast) Which of the following expressions represents the rate law for the overall reaction?

All Questions (7)

Consider the following two-step reaction mechanism: Step 1: A + B → C (slow) Step 2: C + D → E (fast) Which of the following expressions represents the rate law for the overall reaction?

A) Rate = k[A][B]

B) Rate = k[C][D]

C) Rate = k[A][B][D]

D) Rate = k[E]

Correct Answer: A

According to the provided content, when the first step of a mechanism is the rate-limiting (slow) step, the overall rate law is determined by the molecularity of that step. The slow step involves one molecule of A and one molecule of B, so the rate law is Rate = k[A][B].

For a reaction mechanism where the first step is identified as the slowest, the overall rate law is directly determined by the:

A) molecularity of the fastest step.

B) stoichiometry of the overall balanced reaction.

C) molecularity of the rate-limiting step.

D) concentration of the final products.

Correct Answer: C

The provided content explicitly states that for mechanisms where the first step is rate-limiting (slowest), the overall rate law is determined by the molecularity of that slowest step. This step acts as the bottleneck for the entire reaction.

A proposed mechanism for the reaction 2NO₂(g) + F₂(g) → 2NO₂F(g) is: Step 1: NO₂ + F₂ → NO₂F + F (slow) Step 2: NO₂ + F → NO₂F (fast) Based on this mechanism, what is the predicted rate law for the reaction?

A) Rate = k[NO₂]²[F₂]

B) Rate = k[NO₂][F]

C) Rate = k[NO₂][F₂]

D) Rate = k[NO₂F]

Correct Answer: C

The rate law is determined by the slowest step in the reaction mechanism. In this case, the slow step is Step 1: NO₂ + F₂ → NO₂F + F. The reactants in this elementary step are NO₂ and F₂. Therefore, the rate law is Rate = k[NO₂][F₂]. The rate law is not derived from the overall reaction stoichiometry.

The rate law for a certain reaction is found to be Rate = k[X]². Which of the following proposed mechanisms is consistent with this experimental data, assuming the first step is rate-limiting?

A) Step 1: X + Y → Z (slow)

B) Step 1: 2X → W (slow)

C) Step 1: X → P (slow)

D) Step 1: Y + Y → Q (slow)

Correct Answer: B

The rate law is determined by the reactants of the slow step. A rate law of Rate = k[X]² indicates that the slow step has a molecularity involving two molecules of X. Mechanism B, where the slow step is 2X → W, is the only option that matches this requirement.

Consider the reaction mechanism: Step 1: 2A → B (slow) Step 2: B + C → D (fast) What is the rate law for the overall reaction 2A + C → D?

A) Rate = k[A]²[C]

B) Rate = k[B][C]

C) Rate = k[A]²

D) Rate = k[A][C]

Correct Answer: C

The overall rate law is determined by the molecularity of the slowest step. The slow step is Step 1, which involves two molecules of reactant A (2A → B). Therefore, the rate law is Rate = k[A]². The reactants from the fast step (C) and the intermediate (B) do not appear in the rate law derived from a slow first step.

A reaction proceeds via the following elementary steps: Step 1: O₃ → O₂ + O (slow) Step 2: O₃ + O → 2O₂ (fast) What is the correct rate law based on this mechanism?

A) Rate = k[O₃]²

B) Rate = k[O₃]

C) Rate = k[O₃][O]

D) Rate = k[O₂][O]

Correct Answer: B

The rate-determining step is the first step, which is labeled as slow. The molecularity of this step involves a single molecule of O₃. Therefore, the rate law for the overall reaction is first-order with respect to O₃, which is expressed as Rate = k[O₃].

The decomposition of N₂O₅ is proposed to occur by the following mechanism: Step 1: 2N₂O₅ → 2N₂O₄ + O₂ (slow) Step 2: 2N₂O₄ → 4NO₂ (fast) Which statement correctly predicts the rate law?

A) The rate law is Rate = k[N₂O₄]² because it is the second step.

B) The rate law is Rate = k[N₂O₅] because the overall reaction is a decomposition.

C) The rate law is Rate = k[N₂O₅]² because the slow step involves two molecules of N₂O₅.

D) The rate law cannot be determined without experimental data.

Correct Answer: C

The overall rate law is determined by the molecularity of the rate-limiting (slow) step. Here, the slow step is Step 1, which involves the collision of two N₂O₅ molecules. Therefore, the rate law is second-order with respect to N₂O₅, written as Rate = k[N₂O₅]². The fast step does not influence the rate law.