AP Comparative Government and Politics Flashcards: Policies and Economic Liberalization
Written by AP Content Team, Verified for 2026 AP Exams, Last updated: May 2026
Review key ideas with interactive flashcards. This set includes 16 cards to help you master important concepts.
A government implements neoliberal policies, leading to a higher national income but also a wider gap between the rich and poor. What two mixed effects does this scenario illustrate?
This scenario illustrates two mixed effects of neoliberal policies: an increase in national income and a growing inequality in wealth distribution.
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A government implements neoliberal policies, leading to a higher national income but also a wider gap between the rich and poor. What two mixed effects does this scenario illustrate?
This scenario illustrates two mixed effects of neoliberal policies: an increase in national income and a growing inequality in wealth distribution.
What are three major negative societal and environmental consequences of economic liberalization?
Economic liberalization has contributed to environmental pollution, urban sprawl, and uneven economic development in course countries.
How can economic liberalization impact the ruling political party in a country?
Economic prosperity that is tied to liberalization policies has affected the power of ruling political parties within course country political systems.
Regional migration patterns, such as east to west in China, are a result of what consequence of economic liberalization?
These migration patterns are a result of the uneven economic development that has been contributed to by economic liberalization.
What are two external situations that might lead a country to adopt economic liberalization?
A country might adopt liberalization policies to address external situations like trade deficits with other states or decreasing demand for its raw materials.
What are two domestic reasons a country might adopt economic liberalization policies?
A country might adopt these policies to remedy undesirable domestic circumstances such as rising unemployment and reduced productivity.
A country with falling demand for its natural gas exports decides to privatize its state-owned energy company. What is this an example of?
This is an example of adopting an economic liberalization policy to remedy an undesirable external situation.
Identify two positive effects of neoliberal economic policies.
Positive effects of neoliberal policies can include a reduction in inflation and increases in national income.
What are two causes of the environmental pollution associated with economic liberalization?
Two causes are the increased consumption and use of automobiles and other engines using fossil fuels, along with poor infrastructure and a lack of government regulation.
What is economic liberalization?
Economic liberalization occurs when a state reduces its economic role and embraces free market mechanisms, such as privatization and opening the economy to foreign investment.
According to what metrics can the political-economic systems of course countries be compared?
They can be compared by measuring levels of economic development, economic growth, human development, wealth, and inequality.
What types of course countries adopt economic liberalization policies?
Course countries of all regime types adopt economic liberalization policies to remedy undesirable domestic and external situations.
Identify two negative consequences of neoliberal economic policies.
Negative consequences can include growing inequality in wealth distribution, persistent political corruption, and the exacerbation of social tensions.
How has economic liberalization affected social tensions?
It has exacerbated existing social tensions as governments attempt to balance economic freedom with policies that promote economic and political equality.
Identify three specific mechanisms of economic liberalization.
Three mechanisms are eliminating subsidies and tariffs, privatizing government-owned industries, and opening the economy to foreign direct investment.
Define neoliberal economic policies.
Neoliberal economic policies refer to the removal of barriers and restrictions on what internal and external economic actors can do.