AP European History Practice Quiz: The Catholic Reformation
Written by AP Content Team, Verified for 2026 AP Exams, Last updated: May 2026
Test your understanding with short quizzes. This quiz has 7 questions to check your progress.
Question 1 of 7
All Questions (7)
A) The complete abandonment of its core doctrines in favor of Protestant beliefs.
B) The loss of its status as the sole, unified Christian authority in Western Europe.
C) The elimination of all monastic orders, such as the one reformed by St. Teresa of Avila.
D) The successful military conquest of all territories that had converted to Protestantism.
Correct Answer: B
The text states that the Catholic Reformation "cemented division within Christianity." This implies a change from a time when the Catholic Church was the single dominant Christian institution to a period where its authority was permanently challenged by other Christian denominations, thus ending its sole authority.
A) To negotiate a theological compromise with Protestant leaders.
B) To revive the church and reaffirm its authority.
C) To translate the Bible into vernacular languages for all believers.
D) To adopt the Protestant principle of salvation by faith alone.
Correct Answer: B
The text explicitly states that the Catholic Reformation, "exemplified by the Jesuit Order and the Council of Trent, revived the church." This revival involved internal reforms and a strong reassertion of Catholic doctrine, not a compromise with Protestantism.
A) The Jesuit Order and the Council of Trent.
B) The Council of Trent and the Roman Inquisition.
C) St. Teresa of Avila and the Index of Prohibited Books.
D) The Roman Inquisition and the Index of Prohibited Books.
Correct Answer: C
The text identifies St. Teresa of Avila as an example of "internal reform efforts" (renewal) and the Index of Prohibited Books as a method to "enforce doctrine." This pair correctly illustrates the two different strategies mentioned.
A) To encourage scholarly debate between Catholics and Protestants.
B) To raise funds for the construction of new churches.
C) To serve as methods for enforcing Catholic doctrine.
D) To promote missionary work in the New World.
Correct Answer: C
The text explicitly lists the Roman Inquisition and the Index of Prohibited Books as "methods to enforce doctrine," indicating their role was to maintain orthodoxy and suppress views contrary to Church teachings.
A) A military campaign against Protestant states.
B) A movement for internal spiritual reform within the Church.
C) An effort to create a new, separate branch of Christianity.
D) A political attempt to increase the power of the papacy over monarchs.
Correct Answer: B
The source material explicitly categorizes the work of St. Teresa of Avila under "internal reform efforts," which points to a focus on spiritual and monastic renewal from within the existing Catholic structure.
A) It weakened the authority of the Pope while increasing the wealth of the Church.
B) It simplified Church rituals while making its core doctrines more complex.
C) It successfully revitalized the Church but also made the split within Christianity permanent.
D) It promoted widespread literacy but suppressed scientific innovation.
Correct Answer: C
The text states that the Catholic Reformation "revived the church but cemented division within Christianity." This presents the dual, and somewhat contradictory, outcome of strengthening Catholicism internally while ensuring the schism with Protestantism became a permanent feature of the European religious landscape.
A) The Augustinian Order.
B) The Jesuit Order.
C) The Roman Senate.
D) The College of Cardinals.
Correct Answer: B
The text directly states, "The Catholic Reformation, exemplified by the Jesuit Order and the Council of Trent, revived the church." The Jesuit Order is therefore a correct example cited in the passage.