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AP Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism Practice Quiz: Electric Power

Written by AP Content Team, Verified for 2026 AP Exams, Last updated: May 2026

Test your understanding with short quizzes. This quiz has 9 questions to check your progress.

Question 1 of 9

In the context of an electric circuit, which of the following quantities describes the rate at which energy is transferred or dissipated?

All Questions (9)

In the context of an electric circuit, which of the following quantities describes the rate at which energy is transferred or dissipated?

A) Current

B) Voltage

C) Resistance

D) Power

Correct Answer: D

Based on the provided content, power is defined as the rate at which energy is transferred, converted, or dissipated within an electric circuit.

A component in a circuit has a potential difference of 12 V across it while a current of 2.0 A flows through it. What is the power dissipated by this component?

A) 6.0 W

B) 14 W

C) 24 W

D) 0.17 W

Correct Answer: C

Using the equation for electric power, P = IΔV. Substituting the given values: P = (2.0 A)(12 V) = 24 W.

A 10 Ω resistor has a constant current of 5.0 A flowing through it. At what rate is energy being dissipated as heat in the resistor?

A) 2.0 W

B) 50 W

C) 100 W

D) 250 W

Correct Answer: D

The rate of energy dissipation is power. Using the derived equation P = I²R: P = (5.0 A)²(10 Ω) = (25 A²)(10 Ω) = 250 W.

A lightbulb with a resistance of 30 Ω is connected across a 60 V potential difference. What is the power consumption of the lightbulb?

A) 0.5 W

B) 2.0 W

C) 120 W

D) 1800 W

Correct Answer: C

To find the power consumption, we can use the derived equation P = (ΔV)²/R. Substituting the values: P = (60 V)² / 30 Ω = 3600 V² / 30 Ω = 120 W.

The brightness of a lightbulb is proportional to the power it dissipates. If the potential difference across a lightbulb is doubled, while its resistance remains constant, how will its brightness change?

A) It will be half as bright.

B) It will be twice as bright.

C) It will be four times as bright.

D) Its brightness will not change.

Correct Answer: C

Power is related to potential difference by the equation P = (ΔV)²/R. If ΔV is doubled, the new power will be (2ΔV)²/R = 4(ΔV)²/R, which is four times the original power. Therefore, the bulb will be four times as bright.

A resistor dissipates power P when a current I flows through it. If the current is reduced to I/3, what is the new power dissipated by the resistor, assuming its resistance is constant?

A) P/9

B) P/3

C) 3P

D) 9P

Correct Answer: A

According to the equation P = I²R, power is proportional to the square of the current. If the current becomes I/3, the new power will be (I/3)²R = (I²/9)R = (1/9)I²R = P/9.

Which of the following describes the energy transfer in a simple circuit consisting of a battery and a lightbulb?

A) The battery dissipates energy at a rate of P = IΔV, and the lightbulb transfers this energy into light and heat.

B) The battery supplies energy at a rate P = IΔV, which is then transferred into light and thermal energy by the lightbulb.

C) The lightbulb creates energy at a rate of P = I²R, which is supplied by the current from the battery.

D) Energy is transferred from the current to the battery at a rate P = IΔV and then dissipated by the lightbulb.

Correct Answer: B

Power describes the rate of energy transfer. The battery is the source of energy, supplying it at a rate P = IΔV. The lightbulb is a circuit element that converts or dissipates this electrical energy into other forms, such as light and thermal energy.

Two lightbulbs, Bulb A and Bulb B, are connected in parallel to the same power source. The resistance of Bulb A is twice the resistance of Bulb B. Which statement correctly predicts their brightness?

A) Bulb A is brighter because it has a higher resistance.

B) Bulb B is brighter because it has a lower resistance.

C) Both bulbs have the same brightness because they have the same potential difference.

D) Their relative brightness cannot be determined without knowing the current.

Correct Answer: B

When connected in parallel, both bulbs have the same potential difference (ΔV) across them. The brightness depends on power, and the relevant equation is P = (ΔV)²/R. Since power is inversely proportional to resistance at a constant voltage, the bulb with the lower resistance (Bulb B) will dissipate more power and be brighter.

Two lightbulbs, Bulb X and Bulb Y, are connected in series to a battery. The resistance of Bulb X is greater than the resistance of Bulb Y. Which statement correctly predicts their brightness?

A) Bulb X is brighter because it has a higher resistance.

B) Bulb Y is brighter because it has a lower resistance.

C) Both bulbs have the same brightness because the same current flows through them.

D) Bulb Y is brighter because it has a smaller potential difference across it.

Correct Answer: A

When connected in series, the same current (I) flows through both bulbs. The brightness depends on power, and the relevant equation is P = I²R. Since power is directly proportional to resistance for a constant current, the bulb with the greater resistance (Bulb X) will dissipate more power and be brighter.