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AP PreCalculus Practice Quiz: Change in Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences

Written by AP Content Team, Verified for 2026 AP Exams, Last updated: May 2026

Test your understanding with short quizzes. This quiz has 16 questions to check your progress.

Question 1 of 16

What characteristic defines the relationship between successive terms in an arithmetic sequence?

All Questions (16)

What characteristic defines the relationship between successive terms in an arithmetic sequence?

A) A common ratio

B) A common difference

C) A variable rate of change

D) A proportional difference

Correct Answer: B

Based on the provided content, "Successive terms in an arithmetic sequence have a common difference, or constant rate of change."

A sequence is defined by a constant proportional change between its successive terms. What type of sequence is this?

A) An arithmetic sequence

B) A geometric sequence

C) A Fibonacci sequence

D) A harmonic sequence

Correct Answer: B

The content states, "Successive terms in a geometric sequence have a common ratio, or constant proportional change."

An arithmetic sequence has an initial value of a₀ and a common difference of d. Which function correctly expresses the general term aₙ?

A) aₙ = a₀ * dⁿ

B) aₙ = a₀ + n/d

C) aₙ = a₀ + dn

D) aₙ = d + a₀ⁿ

Correct Answer: C

The provided content specifies that "The general term of an arithmetic sequence with a common difference d is denoted by aₙ and is given by aₙ = a₀ + dn, where a₀ is the initial value."

A geometric sequence has an initial value of g₀ and a common ratio of r. Which function correctly expresses the general term gₙ?

A) gₙ = g₀ + rn

B) gₙ = g₀ * rⁿ

C) gₙ = g₀ * nʳ

D) gₙ = r + g₀ * n

Correct Answer: B

According to the content, "The general term of a geometric sequence with a common ratio r is denoted by gₙ and is given by gₙ = g₀rⁿ, where g₀ is the initial value."

How is the graph of a sequence correctly described?

A) A continuous curve connecting all points

B) A series of vertical bars

C) A set of discrete points

D) A smooth, unbroken line

Correct Answer: C

The content states, "the graph of a sequence consists of discrete points instead of a curve." This is because a sequence is a function from the whole numbers, not all real numbers.

Consider the sequence: 5, 8, 11, 14, ... . If this is an arithmetic sequence where the first term shown is the initial value a₀, which function represents this sequence?

A) aₙ = 5 + 3n

B) aₙ = 3 + 5n

C) aₙ = 5 * 3ⁿ

D) aₙ = 3 * 5ⁿ

Correct Answer: A

The initial value a₀ is 5. The common difference d is 8 - 5 = 3. Using the formula aₙ = a₀ + dn, the function is aₙ = 5 + 3n.

Consider the sequence: 2, 6, 18, 54, ... . If this is a geometric sequence where the first term shown is the initial value g₀, which function represents this sequence?

A) gₙ = 2 + 3n

B) gₙ = 3 + 2n

C) gₙ = 2 * 3ⁿ

D) gₙ = 3 * 2ⁿ

Correct Answer: C

The initial value g₀ is 2. The common ratio r is 6 / 2 = 3. Using the formula gₙ = g₀rⁿ, the function is gₙ = 2 * 3ⁿ.

A person starts a savings plan with an initial deposit of $50. Each week thereafter, they deposit an additional $15. Which function aₙ models the total amount saved after n weeks, where n=0 represents the initial deposit?

A) aₙ = 15 + 50n

B) aₙ = 50 * 15ⁿ

C) aₙ = 50 + 15n

D) aₙ = 15 * 50ⁿ

Correct Answer: C

This scenario describes an arithmetic sequence. The initial value a₀ is $50. The common difference d (the constant amount added each week) is $15. The general term is given by aₙ = a₀ + dn, which is aₙ = 50 + 15n.

A certain type of bacteria doubles its population every hour. If a culture starts with 100 bacteria, which function gₙ models the number of bacteria after n hours, where n=0 represents the initial population?

A) gₙ = 100 + 2n

B) gₙ = 2 * 100ⁿ

C) gₙ = 2 + 100n

D) gₙ = 100 * 2ⁿ

Correct Answer: D

This scenario describes a geometric sequence because the population changes by a constant proportion (doubling). The initial value g₀ is 100. The common ratio r is 2. The general term is given by gₙ = g₀rⁿ, which is gₙ = 100 * 2ⁿ.

The function f(n) = 20 - 4n is defined for all whole numbers n. What does this function represent?

A) A geometric sequence with an initial value of 20 and a common ratio of -4.

B) An arithmetic sequence with an initial value of 20 and a common difference of -4.

C) A geometric sequence with an initial value of 16 and a common ratio of -4.

D) An arithmetic sequence with an initial value of -4 and a common difference of 20.

Correct Answer: B

The function is in the form aₙ = a₀ + dn. Comparing f(n) = 20 - 4n to the general form, the initial value a₀ is 20 and the common difference d is -4. This represents an arithmetic sequence.

The graph of a sequence consists of discrete points that lie on a straight line with a non-zero slope. What can be concluded about this sequence?

A) It is a geometric sequence with a ratio greater than 1.

B) It is a geometric sequence with a ratio between 0 and 1.

C) It is an arithmetic sequence.

D) It is neither arithmetic nor geometric.

Correct Answer: C

An arithmetic sequence has a constant rate of change (common difference), which corresponds to the slope of a line. Since the graph of a sequence consists of discrete points, points lying on a straight line indicate an arithmetic sequence.

A sequence is defined as a specific type of function. What is the domain of this function?

A) The real numbers

B) The rational numbers

C) The integers

D) The whole numbers

Correct Answer: D

The provided content explicitly states, "A sequence is a function from the whole numbers to the real numbers." Therefore, the domain is the set of whole numbers.

A car purchased for $25,000 depreciates in value by 15% each year. Which function gₙ models the car's value after n years, where n=0 is the year of purchase?

A) gₙ = 25000 - 0.15n

B) gₙ = 25000(0.15)ⁿ

C) gₙ = 25000(0.85)ⁿ

D) gₙ = 25000(1.15)ⁿ

Correct Answer: C

This is a geometric sequence because the value changes by a constant proportion each year. The initial value g₀ is 25,000. If the value depreciates by 15%, it retains 100% - 15% = 85% of its value. Therefore, the common ratio r is 0.85. The function is gₙ = g₀rⁿ, or gₙ = 25000(0.85)ⁿ.

Which statement best distinguishes the change between successive terms in arithmetic and geometric sequences?

A) Arithmetic sequences change by a constant amount, while geometric sequences change by a variable amount.

B) Arithmetic sequences have a constant rate of change, while geometric sequences have a constant proportional change.

C) Both sequences have a constant rate of change, but it is additive for arithmetic and multiplicative for geometric.

D) Arithmetic sequences model linear growth, while geometric sequences model quadratic growth.

Correct Answer: B

The content states that successive terms in an arithmetic sequence have a "common difference, or constant rate of change", while successive terms in a geometric sequence have a "common ratio, or constant proportional change". This option directly reflects that distinction.

An arithmetic sequence begins with an initial value of 12, and the next term is 9. Which function represents this sequence for whole numbers n?

A) aₙ = 12 - 3n

B) aₙ = 12 + 3n

C) aₙ = 12 * (3/4)ⁿ

D) aₙ = 9 + 3n

Correct Answer: A

The initial value a₀ is 12. The common difference d is the difference between successive terms, which is 9 - 12 = -3. Using the formula aₙ = a₀ + dn, the function is aₙ = 12 + (-3)n, or aₙ = 12 - 3n.

A sequence is represented by a function whose graph consists of discrete points lying on an exponential curve of the form y = abˣ. What can be inferred about this sequence?

A) It is an arithmetic sequence because the change is constant.

B) It is a geometric sequence because it follows the form gₙ = g₀rⁿ.

C) It cannot be a sequence because its graph is a curve.

D) It is an arithmetic sequence because b represents the common difference.

Correct Answer: B

The function gₙ = g₀rⁿ for a geometric sequence is an exponential function where the domain is restricted to whole numbers. The graph of such a function would be discrete points that lie on an exponential curve. Therefore, the sequence is geometric. Option C is incorrect because the graph consists of discrete points, not a continuous curve.