AP Statistics Flashcards: Representing Two Categorical Variables
Written by AP Content Team, Verified for 2026 AP Exams, Last updated: May 2026
Review key ideas with interactive flashcards. This set includes 11 cards to help you master important concepts.
What are three types of bar graphs used for representing two categorical variables?
Side-by-side, segmented, and mosaic bar graphs are three graphical methods used to represent the relationship between two categorical variables.
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What are three types of bar graphs used for representing two categorical variables?
Side-by-side, segmented, and mosaic bar graphs are three graphical methods used to represent the relationship between two categorical variables.
What type of data representation uses frequencies or relative frequencies to summarize information?
A two-way table is a numerical representation that uses frequencies or relative frequencies to summarize two categorical variables.
Define joint relative frequency.
A joint relative frequency is the value calculated by dividing a specific cell's frequency in a two-way table by the total for the entire table.
What are the two primary goals when creating a graphical representation for two categorical variables?
Graphical representations for two categorical variables are used to compare the distributions of one variable across the categories of the other, or to determine if there is an association between them.
How would you calculate a joint relative frequency from a contingency table?
To calculate a joint relative frequency, you would identify the frequency in a single cell and divide it by the grand total frequency for the entire table.
If you want to determine if there is an association between a student's grade level and their favorite subject, what type of graph could you use?
You could use a side-by-side, segmented, or mosaic bar graph to graphically represent the two categorical variables and determine if an association exists.
What is another name for a two-way table?
A two-way table is also commonly referred to as a contingency table.
What is a two-way table?
A two-way table, also known as a contingency table, is a numerical representation that summarizes two categorical variables using frequencies or relative frequencies.
What is the key difference between numerical and graphical representations for two categorical variables?
Numerical representations like two-way tables summarize the data with frequencies, while graphical representations like bar graphs visualize the data to compare distributions or determine association.
What kind of variables are summarized in a contingency table?
A contingency table is used to summarize the relationship between two categorical variables.
What is the purpose of a segmented bar graph?
A segmented bar graph is used to compare the distributions of a categorical variable across the categories of another variable.