AP Statistics Flashcards: Statistics for Two Categorical Variables
Written by AP Content Team, Verified for 2026 AP Exams, Last updated: May 2026
Review key ideas with interactive flashcards. This set includes 10 cards to help you master important concepts.
What is a marginal relative frequency?
A marginal relative frequency is a row or column total divided by the grand total in a two-way table.
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What is a marginal relative frequency?
A marginal relative frequency is a row or column total divided by the grand total in a two-way table.
To compare the distribution of one variable for a specific category of another variable, which statistic is most appropriate?
You should use conditional relative frequencies, as they allow for comparison within a specific part of the contingency table.
What is the second step in analyzing data for two categorical variables, after calculating statistics?
After calculating statistics, the next step is to compare those statistics to analyze the relationship between the two categorical variables.
A researcher wants to know the percentage of dog owners who also own a cat. What type of frequency should be calculated?
A conditional relative frequency should be calculated, because it focuses on a specific condition (being a dog owner).
What is the term for the process of evaluating if the distribution of one categorical variable differs across the levels of another?
This process is known as determining if there is an association between the two categorical variables.
What are the two primary purposes of using summary statistics for two categorical variables?
Summary statistics for two categorical variables are used to compare distributions or to determine if an association exists between the variables.
To find the proportion of ALL subjects in a study that fall into a single category of one variable, which statistic should you use?
You should use the marginal relative frequency, as it represents a category's total relative to the grand total.
How can comparing statistics for two categorical variables help determine if there is an association?
If the conditional relative frequencies are different across categories, it suggests an association exists between the two variables.
What is a conditional relative frequency?
A conditional relative frequency is a relative frequency calculated for a specific part of a contingency table.
What is the first step in analyzing data for two categorical variables?
The first step is to calculate summary statistics, such as marginal and conditional relative frequencies, typically organized in a two-way table.