AP European History Flashcards: Social Effects of Industrialization
Written by AP Content Team, Verified for 2026 AP Exams, Last updated: May 2026
Review key ideas with interactive flashcards. This set includes 11 cards to help you master important concepts.
What was the significance of laws like the Factory Act of 1833 for the working class?
Laws such as the Factory Act of 1833, which restricted the labor of children and women, contributed to an improved quality of life for the working class by the end of the century.
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What was the significance of laws like the Factory Act of 1833 for the working class?
Laws such as the Factory Act of 1833, which restricted the labor of children and women, contributed to an improved quality of life for the working class by the end of the century.
Besides labor laws, what other developments improved working-class life by the end of the century?
Besides labor laws, working-class life was improved by higher wages, social welfare programs, improved diet, and increased access to birth control.
Define the bourgeoisie.
The bourgeoisie is a self-conscious social class that emerged in industrialized Europe, distinct from the working-class proletariat, due to new divisions of labor.
Define the proletariat.
The proletariat is a self-conscious social class that developed in industrialized areas of Europe as a result of the new divisions of labor.
A family leaves their farm to find work in a factory. What negative social effect would they likely experience in their new city and what would happen to their old village?
In the city, the family would likely experience overcrowding. Their former rural community would suffer from a decline in available labor and become weakened.
What two new social classes developed in industrialized Europe due to the division of labor?
The socioeconomic changes from industrialization led to the development of the self-conscious proletariat and bourgeoisie classes.
What were the consequences of migration from rural to urban areas during industrialization?
Migration led to overcrowding in cities, while the rural areas people left behind suffered from declines in available labor and weakened communities.
What was the "cult of domesticity"?
The cult of domesticity was a feature of bourgeois families that emphasized distinct gender roles for men and women within the nuclear family structure.
What was a primary cause of the development of self-conscious social classes during industrialization?
The primary cause was the division of labor created by socioeconomic changes, which led to the formation of the proletariat and the bourgeoisie.
List three factors that improved the quality of life for the working class by the end of the century.
Three factors were higher wages, social welfare programs, and an improved diet. Other factors included labor laws and increased access to birth control.
How did the family structure of the bourgeoisie change during industrialization?
Bourgeois families became focused on the nuclear family and adopted the cult of domesticity, which created distinct gender roles for men and women.